SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

An Exploration of Factors Influencing Ethical and Unethical Behavior in Negotiations

van Koppen, Barbara.

Although gender issues are today a priority on the agendas of irrigation policy makers, interventionists, farm leaders and researchers, there is still a considerable gap between positive intentions and concrete action. An important but hitherto ignored reason for this is the lack of adequate generic concepts and tools that are policy-relevant and can accommodate the vast variation in irrigation contexts worldwide. The Gender Performance Indicator for Irrigation (GPII) aims to fill this gap. In any particular scheme, this tool diagnoses the gendered organization of farming and gender-based inclusion or exclusion in irrigation institutions. It informs irrigation agencies what they themselves can do for effective change-if necessary. The tool also identifies...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Gender; Women; Irrigation management; Water management; Policy; Decision making; Performance evaluation; Indicators; Irrigated farming; Farming systems; Case studies; Water users' associations; Leadership; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44562

Perry, Gregory M.; Duffy, Patricia A.; Nixon, Clair J.; Robison, Lindon J..

The issue of ethics has received little notice in agricultural economics journals. This study utilized a survey technique to reveal the ethical attitudes among some 500 students at four Land Grant Universities. The data were analyzed using multiple regression techniques. Individuals negotiating with strangers were more willing to use questionable ethical tactics. Women, individuals who were cooperative rather than competitive in negotiation situations, and those who regularly attended religious services wer consistantly less willing to use questionable ethics in negotiation. The size of the individual's hometown and family income had no clear impact on ethical attidutes in regotiations.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Ethics; Negotiation; Religion; Small-town values; Women; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; K4; M1; Z0.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43627

Assessing Rural Women Food Producers Capacity to Adopt Modern ICTs – A case Study of the Mfantsiman District of Ghana

Sampong, D.D.; Egyir, Irene Susana; Yaw, Osei-Asare.

The traditional way of information dissemination has been through people; the modern way is through the electronic media – improved information and communication technologies (ICTs). For effectiveness, modern ICTs should help women to improve on their income generating capacity. Issues of level of resource capacity of women, information needed, and current sources of such information become important. This study sought to investigate the issues above with respect to rural women food producers in the Mfantsiman District of Ghana. Simple descriptive statistics and econometric models were employed in the data analysis of 91 randomly selected respondents. The results of the study showed that: In general, the women food producers were aged, subsistence...

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Adoption; Information and communication Technology; Ghana; Women; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52149

Assessment of sexual risk behaviors and perception of vulnerability to sexually transmitted diseases/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in women, 1999-2012: a population based survey in a medium-sized Brazilian city

Mesenburg,Marilia Arndt; Muniz,Ludmila Correa; Silveira,Mariângela Freitas.

Sexual behavior is a key factor for susceptibility to sexually transmitted diseases. An evaluation of the sexual behavior of women at reproductive age was conducted in 1999. A replication of this study aims to evaluate the current situation and identify changes in sexual behavior, 13 years later. This is a population-based cross-sectional study, conducted with 1071 women in Pelotas, Brazil. Compared to the 1999 study, a 14% increase in early sexual debut and an 8% decrease in the non-use of condoms were observed in 2012. The proportion of women who reported anal sex doubled between these periods. There was no trend of increase or decrease in the prevalence of behaviors with distinct patterns being observed for each of them. Reduction of non-use of condoms...

Behavioral and biological risks of women seeking HIV test in an anonymous testing center

Palavras-chave: Sexually transmitted diseases; Behavior; Risk factors; Women.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702014000400414

Ribeiro Filho,Ayrton Daniel; Giraldo,Paulo César; Silva,Maria José Penna Maisonnette de Attayde; Amaral,Rose Luce Gomes do; Eleutério Junior,José; Gonçalves,Ana Katherine da Silveira.

Due to the high prevalence and morbidity sexually transmitted diseases are highly relevant to public health, especially for women. OBJECTIVES: To determine and compare the behavioral and biological risks associated with human immunodeficiency virus acquisition. METHODS: A group of 253 women who voluntarily sought anonymous testing were interviewed to find out their behavioral risk. Biological risk was identified by means of gynecological exam, colposcopy as well as blood and cervicovaginal sampling for serological and microbiological exams. Using known traditional risk factors, a table of scores classified the subjects into high, low and absent for behavioral and biological risks. Frequency and percentage of each risk was tabulated and the correlation...

Chlamydia trachomatis infection among HIV-infected women attending an AIDS clinic in the city of Manaus, Brazil

Palavras-chave: HIV; Sexually transmitted diseases; Women.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702011000400010

Silva,Leila Cristina Ferreira; Miranda,Angélica Espinosa; Batalha,Rosieny Santos; Sabino,Carolina; Dib,Elizabeth Cristina Dantas; Costa,Carolina Marinho da; Ramasawmy,Rajendranath; Talhari,Sinésio.

This was a cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of and to identify risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women attending the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) clinic in the city of Manaus, Brazil, in 2009-2010. Participants answered a questionnaire containing demographic, epidemiological, and clinical data. A genital specimen was collected during examination to detect CT-DNA by hybrid capture, and blood samples were taken to determine CD4+T and HIV viral load. There were 329 women included in the study. Median age was 32 years (IQR = 27-38) and median schooling was nine years (IQR = 4-11). The prevalence of CT was 4.3% (95%CI: 2.1-6.5). Logistic regression analysis showed...

Cocriação, validação e realimentação: inovações no e-book Mulheres dos cafés no Brasil.

Palavras-chave: Chlamydia trachomatis; HIV; Women; Amazonas.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000400004

Infoteca-e

MELLO, A. A. C. de; ARZABE, C.; VIDAL, W. C. L.; FRANCO, P. C. R.; HAMMES, V. S.; ALVES, H. M. R..

Este capítulo apresenta ações da Embrapa que contribuem especialmente com duas metas: 5.1) acabar com todas as formas de discriminação contra todas as mulheres e meninas em toda parte; e 5.b) aumentar o uso de tecnologias de base, em particular as tecnologias de informação e comunicação, para promover o empoderamento das mulheres.

Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)

Palavras-chave: Mulher; Igualdade de Genero; Women.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1100789

Consumer behavior: conditioners on the purchase decision of fluid milk

Ciência Rural

Breitenbach,Raquel; Brandão,Janaína Balk.

ABSTRACT: Considering economic, contingent and cultural conditions that interfere with consumer demand, the objective of this research was to evaluate the degree of importance of these variables in the decision of the Brazilian consumer to buy fluid milk. A total 1,015 milk consumers were sampled through non-probabilistic tools such as researchers’ contact network, snowballing, and self-generated samples, in a virtual questionnaire. Non-parametric tests and univariate statistical analyzes were applied, including the chi-square test. The consumer profile interferes with the selection criteria in the purchase of fluid milk as follows: (a) women consider “price”, “product origin”, “friend recommendation”, “product appearance”, “sales offers”, and “brand” as...

Do Men and Women Perform Differently on Different Types of Test Questions?

Palavras-chave: Brands; Price; Women.

Ano: 2019

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782019000300931

Desafios e perspectivas.

Infoteca-e

ARZABE, C.; COSTA, V. C.; ALVES, H. M. R.; MARTINS, A. L. da S.; BUENO, Y. M..

As mulheres têm um papel fundamental na manutenção da vida e nas atividades produtivas promotoras da equidade social, da justiça ambiental e do desenvolvimento sustentável. Dentre os desafios enfrentados por elas, destacam-se a invisibilidade de seu trabalho, a violência e a discriminação no campo e nas instituições, a restrição de acesso à terra e ao crédito e a dificuldade de acesso às políticas públicas. Há inúmeras iniciativas do governo brasileiro para promover a igualdade de gênero e a autonomia das mulheres, culminando em diversas políticas públicas. No entanto, a mudança cultural e de paradigma necessária para valorizar, reconhecer e fortalecer as mulheres no campo, nas florestas e nas cidades, exige que essas políticas se transformem em políticas...

Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)

Palavras-chave: Mulher; Igualdade de Genero; Women.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1100797

Thompson, Alexi S.; Jager, Abigail L.; Burton, Robert O., Jr..

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Men; Women; Tests; Questions; Gender; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119771

Does Workforce Participation Empower Women? Micro-Level Evidence from Urban Bangladesh

Hossain, Mohammad; Tisdell, Clement A..

Empirical studies on the impact of women’s paid jobs on their empowerment and welfare in the Bangladesh context are rare. The few studies on the issue to date have all been confined to the garment workers only although studies indicate that women’s workforce participation in Bangladesh has increased across-the-board. Besides, none of these studies has made an attempt to control for the non-working women and/or applied any statistical technique to control for the effects of other pertinent determinants of women’s empowerment and welfare such as education, age, religion and place of living. This study overcomes these drawbacks and presents alternative assessments of the link between women’s workforce participation and empowerment on the basis of survey data...

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: Women; Empowerment; Bangladesh; Welfare; Community/Rural/Urban Development.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123451

Empowerment, mobilisation and initiation of a community driven project: women and the Marula.

Environmental awareness among women who collect fuel wood from Lolldaiga Mountains in Kenya

Magadza, Sian Newsome.

Bulilimamangwe is one of the poorest and most marginalised areas of Zimbabwe. In 2001 a community driven project was started under the Kellogg funded Integrated Rural Development Programme, to utilise the indigenous Marula trees found in the area. From the onset project members were mostly women. This paper documents the early years of the project. Achievements are given, problems faced examined and possible solutions put forward. Challenges, opportunities and conflicts are discussed in the hope that these may be of interest in the study of future projects utilising natural resources in poor communities.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Empowerment; Women; Natural resource; Rural livelyhoods; Development; Marula; Community/Rural/Urban Development.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44107

OAK

KUBOTA, Satoko; MIZUTANI, Fumi; MATSUMOTO, Kazuha; KADOHIRA, Mutsuyo; 窪田, さと子; 水谷, 文美; 松本, 葉; 門平, 睦代.

This study aimed to describe the characteristics of villages and women’s households that might induce environmental awareness among fuel wood collecting women in one location of Kenyan dry land. Two probit models were constructed to examine which parameters were associated with two dependent variables, afforestation action and thermal efficient improved cooking oven. Participation in age of respondent, family size and group-activities had a significant effect on two dependent variables. However, age and family size indicated opposite relation on two independent variables. Moreover, it could be considered that one of important factor of improved cooking oven was economically affordability because of large property (i.e. to have cows and lands). On the other...

Palavras-chave: Dry land; Environmental awareness; Fuel wood; Kenya; Women; 乾燥地帯; 環境意識; 薪; ケニア; 女性.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3813

Evaluation of Lingual Frenulum Using Geometric Morphometrics

International Journal of Morphology

Kacar,Dundar; Cakmak,Fethiye; Dogan,Ash; Sevinc,Ozdemir; Barut,Cagatay.

A fold of tissue, the lingual frenulum, extends onto the inferior surface of the tongue from near the base of the tongue on midline. The shape, length and alignment of lingual frenulum vary between individuals. The aim of this study is to evaluate morphology of lingual frenulum with respect to gender. Ninety seven volunteers who were students and employees of Zonguldak Karaelmas University, School of Medicine participated in the study. Two individuals with a history of hepatitis and 20 individuals with inadequate photographs were excluded from the study. Morphometric analyses were performed on the photographs of 75 volunteers (36 men, 39 women). Lingual frenulum photograph of each individual was taken using standard photographic techniques. The individual...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Lingual frenulum; Geometric morphometrics; Men; Women; Reference points.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022011000200001

Formando microempresarias: impacto de la capacitación empresarial en las instituciones de microfinanzas y sus socias

Karlan, Dean S.; Valdivia, Martin.

Los debates académicos y de políticas acerca de la actividad microempresarial se centran frecuentemente en las restricciones crediticias, asumiendo que los negocios se manejan de manera óptima dadas esas y otras restricciones. Los microempresarios, sin embargo, raramente tienen capacitación formal en gestión empresarial. Por su parte, un número creciente de instituciones de microfinanzas (IMF), en el Perú y el mundo, procura construir el capital humano de estos microempresarios para mejorar sus niveles de vida, contribuyendo a su misión de reducir la pobreza. Con ayuda de un diseño experimental, en este estudio medimos el impacto marginal de agregar un componente de capacitación en gestión empresarial a un programa de servicios financieros que atiende a...

Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper

Palavras-chave: Microempresarios; Microfinanzas; Pequeñas empresas; Mujeres; Capacitacion; Small enterprises; Training; Women; Peru; Financial Economics; C93; D12; D13; D21; I21; J24; O12.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91358

Gender participation in fisheries management of Lake Victoria, Kenya

OceanDocs

Lwenya, C. A; Lwenya, K.R.; Abila, Richard O.; Omwega, R..

Gender plays an important role in the artisanal fisheries, therefore it critical for both men and women to participate fisheries management. This paper analyzes gender responses to introduced or enhanced fisheries regulations and constraints to compliance so as to facilitate gender participation in the management of Lake Victoria in Kenya. Both primary and secondary data have been used. Results indicated that in Lake Victoria, there is a clear-cut division of labor differentiated by gender, which is culturally defined. Men and women respond to management measures differently due to differentiated roles and space they operate in. Poverty emerged as a constraint to both men and women but affecting the women much more due to lack of economic and status...

Tipo: Proceedings Paper

Palavras-chave: Fishery management; Artisanal fishing; Sociological aspects; Women; Fishery management; Women; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24026; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8420.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3510

Gender-dependent association of HSD11B1 single nucleotide polymorphisms with glucose and HDL-C levels

Genet. Mol. Biol.

Turek,Luciane Viater; Leite,Neiva; Souza,Ricardo Lehtonen Rodrigues; Lima,Jovana Karoline; Milano,Gerusa Eisfeld; Timossi,Luciana da Silva; Osiecki,Ana Claudia Vecchi; Osiecki,Raul; Alle,Lupe Furtado.

In this study, we investigated the influence of two SNPs (rs846910 and rs12086634) of the HSD11B1 gene that encodes 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1(11β-HSD1), the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of cortisol to cortisone, on variables associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome in 215 individuals of both sexes from southern Brazil. The HSD11B1 gene variants were genotyped using the TaqMan SNP genotyping assay. Glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were measured by standard automated methods. Significant results were found in women, with carriers of the G allele of SNP rs12086634 having higher glucose levels than non-carriers. Carriers of the A allele of SNP rs846910 had higher levels of...

How pro-poor are participatory watershed management projects?: An Indian case study

Palavras-chave: HSD11B1 gene; Men; Metabolism; Metabolic syndrome; Women.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572014000400003

Kurian, Mathew; Dietz, Ton.

This report draws on a survey and case study evidence from 28 watershed management groups in Haryana to argue that participatory watershed management projects need not necessarily safeguard the interests of poorer rural households.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Watershed management; Participatory management; Poverty; Farm income; Labor; Households; Women; Forest management; Dams; Irrigated farming; Case studies; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44542

Hybrid capture as a tool for cervical lesions screening in HIV-infected women: insights from a Brazilian cohort

Jalil,Emilia Moreira; Luz,Paula M.; Quintana,Marcel; Friedman,Ruth Khalili; Madeira,Rosa M. Domingues S.; Andrade,Angela Cristina; Chicarino,Janice; Moreira,Ronaldo Ismerio; Derrico,Monica; Levi,José Eduardo; Russomano,Fabio; Veloso,Valdilea Gonçalves; Grinsztejn,Beatriz.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cervical cancer remains an important burden for HIV-infected women in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy. Recommendations for cervical screening in these women diverge and may include high-risk HPV (HRHPV) testing. We aimed to evaluate the clinical usefulness of a single HRHPV testing for cervical screening of HIV-infected women. Methods: 723 HIV-infected women from a Brazilian prospective cohort were included between 1996 and 2012. Inclusion criteria were: normal cervical cytology at baseline and having a HRHPV-test at baseline. We calculated incidence rates of any squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) and high grade SIL+ (HSIL+) and negative predictive values (NPV) within 12 and 36 months. Hazard Ratios were obtained...